R3 Robotics (ehemals Circu Li-ion)
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Startup Description
R3 Robotics (ehemalig Circu Li-ion) is a robotics company headquartered in Luxembourg with operations in Germany, developing AI-powered systems for the automated dismantling of end-of-life electric vehicle (EV) components. The company designs industrial disassembly platforms that safely and efficiently break down battery packs, e-drives, power electronics, and other high-value electrified systems. By combining robotics, computer vision, and AI, Circu Li-ion enables scalable, high-throughput dismantling for reuse, recycling, and material recovery. Its solutions support circular supply chains by turning end-of-life vehicle systems into reliable sources of critical raw materials and reusable components.
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Video Pitch
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Pitch Deck
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Proof-of-Concept Description
1. Introduction
R3 Robotics proposes a structured four-month proof-of-concept to demonstrate
automated disassembly of brake discs at our certified recycling facility in Karlsruhe.
Built on a proven system originally developed for EV battery pack disassembly, a
hazardous and mechanically variable disassembly challenges in any industrial
context, R3 brings the vision technology, robotic cell infrastructure, and process
expertise to unlock automated end-of-life processing for complex industrial
components at scale.
This PoC is designed to produce three outputs: a validated automated disassembly
process for Knorr-Bremse brake disc variants, a quantified circular value case for
material recovery over shredding, and a joint blueprint for what industrial
disassembly at scale looks like, commercially modelled under R3's Robotics-as-a-
Service offering.
2. PoC Structure Suggestion in 10 Phases:
1. Product Scoping & Batch Definition — July
Define specific brake disc variants in scope, axle-mounted and/or wheelmounted,
and agree on a representative batch of 50–100 end-of-life units
sourced from Knorr-Bremse’s return or depot streams. Document the range of
disc sizes, bolting configurations, and wear states present in the batch.
Variability across units is the primary challenge this PoC is designed to address.
2. Teardown Analysis & Material Mapping — July
Conduct structured manual teardowns to map the full component anatomy: disc
body (cast iron / steel alloy), friction ring, mounting bolts, and intermediate
elements such as vibration-damping inserts. Identify material composition per
sub-element, flag any hazardous content (friction material compounds, lubricant 2
residues), and produce the disassembly sequence that drives robotic cell logic.
3. AI Vision & Detection Model Training — July – August
Train R3’s vision system on brake disc geometry, bolt pattern recognition, and
surface condition classification. Drawing on models already validated for EV
battery pack disassembly, the system is adapted to robustly detect bolt head
location and torque resistance indicators across the full range of wear and
corrosion states present in real field-condition units.
4. Robotic Cell Configuration & Tooling — August
Configure the disassembly cell for the mechanical demands of rail brake discs:
heavy part handling, high-torque bolt removal, and secure clamping during
unscrewing operations. Select or fabricate appropriate end-effectors and
fixtures, and integrate torque sensing to handle seized or corroded fasteners
without damaging the recoverable disc body.
5. Safety & Process Compliance Validation — August
Validate handling procedures for friction material dust (respirable particle
containment), heavy part manipulation, and surface treatment residues.
Establish a compliant dust extraction and containment setup within R3’s
certified facility before any processing runs begin.
6. Supervised Pilot Runs — Learning Phase — September
Process an initial batch of 20–30 discs under human oversight, using each cycle
to refine bolt removal sequencing, grip force parameters, and friction ring
separation steps. Log all failure modes, stripped bolts, unexpected corrosion,
part slippage, and feed corrections back into the system iteratively. Track cycle
time, success rate, and intervention frequency from the first unit.
7. Sustained Autonomous Run — Optimisation Phase — September – October
Process the remaining batch with reduced operator intervention, targeting a
stable automated cycle time and a component separation yield above 90% by
weight. The disc body (cast iron / steel), friction material, and fasteners should
exit as distinct, uncontaminated material streams ready for downstream
processing.
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8. Material Recovery & Circular Value Quantification — October
Weigh and characterise each recovered stream. Quantify recoverable tonnes per
input tonne and map against current scrap market values and Knorr-Bremse’s
disposal costs. If friction material contains recoverable metal content (sintered
copper-based pads), quantify that stream separately. This builds the economic
case for why automated disassembly outperforms shredding as an end-of-life
route.
9. Benchmarking Against Manual Disassembly — October
Run a structured time-and-cost comparison against manual dismantling of the
same disc type. Demonstrate R3’s advantage in throughput, consistency, and
material purity, the three dimensions where automation creates the clearest
value over manual labour at scale.
10. Final Report & Scale-Up Scenario — October
Deliver a joint PoC report covering technical results, circular value potential, and
a forward-looking deployment scenario: volumes, throughput rates, and
integration with Knorr-Bremse’s existing reverse logistics and end-of-life
operations. Include a commercial model outline for scaling under R3’s Roboticsas-
a-Service offering.
Facility
All PoC work will be conducted at R3 Robotics' certified recycling and disassembly
facility in Karlsruhe, Germany. The facility is equipped with the robotic cell
infrastructure, safety containment systems, and material handling capabilities required
for this scope. Knorr-Bremse is invited to observe supervised pilot runs in person.
Contact
• Antoine Welter | CEO, R3 Robotics
• Carolina Lopez | Head of Business Operations, R3 Robotics










