This policy paper, developed by CIRCULAR REPUBLIC as part of UnternehmerTUM, synthesizes the perspectives of leading European industry stakeholders on how to scale secondary Critical Raw Materials (CRMs) in Europe.
Based on a multi-stakeholder workshop spanning the entire CRM value chain, the report examines the policy instruments proposed under the REsource EU Action Plan and related EU legislation.
The paper identifies the foundational regulatory and market measures required to unlock a competitive secondary CRM market—highlighting harmonized End-of-Waste criteria and accelerated permitting as non-negotiable enablers, alongside targeted financial incentives and innovation support. By analyzing areas of strong consensus as well as points of contention within industry, the report outlines a pragmatic sequencing of policy measures to ensure Europe’s economic resilience and global leadership in circularity.
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